
(青山資本創始人 張野)
對(dui)於(yu)一(yi)直(zhi)專(zhuan)注(zhu)在(zai)消(xiao)費(fei)領(ling)域(yu)早(zao)期(qi)投(tou)資(zi)的(de)我(wo)們(men)來(lai)說(shuo),前(qian)幾(ji)年(nian)還(hai)是(shi)比(bi)較(jiao)孤(gu)獨(du)的(de),市(shi)場(chang)對(dui)消(xiao)費(fei)並(bing)不(bu)是(shi)特(te)別(bie)關(guan)注(zhu)。而(er)這(zhe)兩(liang)年(nian),越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)的(de)投(tou)資(zi)機(ji)構(gou)開(kai)始(shi)向(xiang)消(xiao)費(fei)領(ling)域(yu)傾(qing)斜(xie),也(ye)有(you)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)優(you)秀(xiu)的(de)創(chuang)業(ye)者(zhe)進(jin)入(ru)到(dao)這(zhe)個(ge)領(ling)域(yu)創(chuang)業(ye),給(gei)中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)消(xiao)費(fei)市(shi)場(chang)增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)很(hen)多(duo)活(huo)力(li)。
henduorenkaishijiang,womenzhengzaicongzhongguozhizaoxiangzhongguopinpaizhuanxing,guoneideshichanghuanjingduiyuzhongguopinpailaijiang,yijingzuohaolechongfendezhunbei。shouxian,zhedianwomenhentongyi,laikanyixiaweishenme。
第(di)一(yi),我(wo)們(men)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)一(yi)套(tao)全(quan)新(xin)的(de),完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)新(xin)基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)施(shi),這(zhe)套(tao)新(xin)基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)必(bi)定(ding)會(hui)滋(zi)生(sheng)出(chu)更(geng)善(shan)於(yu)使(shi)用(yong)這(zhe)套(tao)設(she)施(shi)的(de)品(pin)牌(pai)出(chu)現(xian)。回(hui)顧(gu)過(guo)去(qu)兩(liang)個(ge)世(shi)紀(ji),每(mei)一(yi)次(ci)基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)的(de)更(geng)新(xin)都(dou)會(hui)誕(dan)生(sheng)新(xin)的(de)品(pin)牌(pai),在(zai)電(dian)視(shi)的(de)普(pu)及(ji)過(guo)程(cheng)誕(dan)生(sheng)了(le)善(shan)於(yu)使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)視(shi)廣(guang)告(gao)的(de)消(xiao)費(fei)企(qi)業(ye),大(da)型(xing)商(shang)超(chao)shopping mall的普及,誕生了能夠充分利用這類渠道的品牌。我們國家現階段以成熟的電商、新媒體、物流、移動支付所構建的新基礎設施必定會推動一批新品牌的崛起。
第二,消費人群在發生明顯的變化,這點我們在青山資本的2020年年中消費報告中有非常具體的闡述,新一代消費者從消費觀念上到具體消費行為都與70、80houxiaofeizheyouzhemingxiandebutong,zongtilaishuogengrongyibeizhongcao,yegengyuanyibacao,gengrongyibeizhongcaoshiyinweizhedaixiaofeizheshihulianwangdeyuanzhumin,zaiwangluoshanghuoquxinxihexiaomoshijianzhanjuleshenghuozhongdejuedabufen,zaiwangluozhezhonggaoxinximidudegaochudaxiaolvdequdaoli,beizhongcaodekenengxingdadazengjiale,wulunshidianshangpingtaideqianrenqianmiantuisong,haishishipinpingtaicengchubuqiongderuanzhiru,huozheshixiaohongshudemoshengdarentuijianhepengyouquanshurentuijian,xiaofeizhebeizhongcaodeliangjidouzaijufuzengjia。gengyuanyibacaolaiziyuhuozaidangxiadeguannianheshijishenghuoshuipingdetigao,huozaidangxiabenjiushigexing、自zi我wo的de年nian輕qing人ren的de生sheng活huo狀zhuang態tai,而er現xian在zai全quan球qiu的de動dong蕩dang環huan境jing又you在zai不bu斷duan的de強qiang化hua這zhe種zhong觀guan念nian,實shi際ji生sheng活huo水shui平ping的de提ti高gao一yi是shi來lai自zi家jia庭ting收shou入ru的de提ti高gao,二er是shi斜xie杠gang青qing年nian的de比bi重zhong也ye在zai大da幅fu上shang升sheng,年nian輕qing人ren可ke供gong消xiao費fei的de資zi金jin量liang在zai變bian大da。
第(di)三(san),消(xiao)費(fei)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)創(chuang)業(ye)者(zhe)整(zheng)體(ti)素(su)質(zhi)在(zai)明(ming)顯(xian)提(ti)升(sheng),過(guo)去(qu)十(shi)年(nian),中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)科(ke)技(ji)行(xing)業(ye),尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)行(xing)業(ye)培(pei)養(yang)了(le)大(da)量(liang)的(de)年(nian)輕(qing)人(ren)才(cai),在(zai)這(zhe)之(zhi)前(qian)大(da)部(bu)分(fen)優(you)秀(xiu)的(de)年(nian)輕(qing)人(ren)選(xuan)擇(ze)進(jin)入(ru)國(guo)企(qi)央(yang)企(qi)以(yi)及(ji)上(shang)個(ge)世(shi)紀(ji)誕(dan)生(sheng)的(de)傳(chuan)統(tong)民(min)營(ying)企(qi)業(ye),而(er)在(zai)過(guo)去(qu)十(shi)年(nian)裏(li)百(bai)萬(wan)、千萬級的優秀年輕人進入了中國最高速增長的行業-互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang),在(zai)這(zhe)個(ge)行(xing)業(ye)裏(li)造(zao)就(jiu)了(le)一(yi)批(pi)以(yi)用(yong)戶(hu)為(wei)導(dao)向(xiang),以(yi)產(chan)品(pin)為(wei)核(he)心(xin),以(yi)資(zi)本(ben)為(wei)工(gong)具(ju)的(de)思(si)想(xiang)的(de)人(ren)才(cai),這(zhe)整(zheng)整(zheng)的(de)一(yi)代(dai)人(ren)使(shi)得(de)中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)商(shang)業(ye)思(si)想(xiang)水(shui)平(ping)上(shang)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)新(xin)台(tai)階(jie),這(zhe)是(shi)多(duo)少(shao)MBAjiaoyudouwufashixiandejieguo,zhexierenzhongshishuju,xiangxinsuanfa,zhuiqiuzuzhijianshenengli,bingqieyongyuanjinglaiqudongbufa,shishangyelingyuligengxianjindeshengchanli。womenhengaoxingdekandao,tamenkaishijinruxiaofeixingye,yongzhexiegengxianjindeshengchanfangshi、組織形態來改造整個中國的消費產業,這種規模化的人才湧入和整體改造必然會在不久的將來產生明顯的效果,那就是中國品牌。

第四,民族自信,我想大家都感受到了,2020年nian,這zhe個ge磨mo難nan之zhi年nian,人ren類lei的de苦ku難nan之zhi年nian,片pian麵mian的de來lai講jiang,如ru果guo說shuo我wo們men有you什shen麼me收shou獲huo,最zui大da的de收shou獲huo就jiu是shi民min族zu自zi信xin。在zai我wo們men的de數shu據ju觀guan測ce裏li,有you不bu小xiao的de一yi部bu分fen年nian輕qing消xiao費fei者zhe,當dang他ta們men搜sou索suo某mou種zhong商shang品pin,在zai出chu現xian的de多duo個ge選xuan項xiang中zhong會hui刻ke意yi的de購gou買mai中zhong國guo品pin牌pai,不bu是shi因yin為wei價jia格ge,隻zhi是shi民min族zu感gan。
第五,我們擁有著非常強的產業鏈基礎,幾十年的世界代工廠,尤其是在加入了WTO之(zhi)後(hou),作(zuo)為(wei)全(quan)世(shi)界(jie)最(zui)大(da)的(de)乙(yi)方(fang),我(wo)們(men)建(jian)立(li)了(le)多(duo)層(ceng)次(ci)的(de)產(chan)業(ye)集(ji)群(qun),以(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)者(zhe)的(de)方(fang)式(shi)培(pei)育(yu)了(le)兩(liang)代(dai)人(ren),相(xiang)信(xin)各(ge)位(wei)都(dou)體(ti)會(hui)得(de)到(dao)乙(yi)方(fang)被(bei)大(da)甲(jia)方(fang)不(bu)斷(duan)折(zhe)磨(mo)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)能(neng)夠(gou)起(qi)到(dao)的(de)什(shen)麼(me)樣(yang)的(de)訓(xun)練(lian)效(xiao)果(guo),這(zhe)些(xie)訓(xun)練(lian)成(cheng)果(guo)都(dou)是(shi)我(wo)們(men)現(xian)在(zai)的(de)寶(bao)藏(zang)。現(xian)在(zai)的(de)消(xiao)費(fei)品(pin)創(chuang)業(ye)者(zhe),尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)初(chu)創(chuang)階(jie)段(duan),幾(ji)乎(hu)沒(mei)有(you)人(ren)需(xu)要(yao)自(zi)建(jian)工(gong)廠(chang),分(fen)工(gong)非(fei)常(chang)明(ming)確(que),生(sheng)產(chan)由(you)我(wo)們(men)沉(chen)澱(dian)多(duo)年(nian)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)企(qi)業(ye)們(men)完(wan)成(cheng),消(xiao)費(fei)品(pin)創(chuang)業(ye)者(zhe)隻(zhi)需(xu)做(zuo)市(shi)場(chang)洞(dong)察(cha)、產chan品pin設she計ji研yan發fa和he銷xiao售shou,隻zhi需xu輕qing裝zhuang上shang陣zhen。這zhe就jiu使shi得de更geng多duo人ren有you了le上shang陣zhen的de可ke能neng性xing,很hen多duo創chuang業ye者zhe擅shan長chang的de是shi產chan品pin和he營ying銷xiao,這zhe些xie人ren以yi往wang隻zhi能neng去qu有you生sheng產chan能neng力li的de企qi業ye工gong作zuo,而er現xian在zai,在zai供gong應ying鏈lian的de高gao度du配pei合he意yi願yuan下xia,他ta們men作zuo為wei品pin牌pai管guan理li公gong司si,雨yu後hou春chun筍sun般ban的de生sheng長chang出chu來lai,並bing且qie這zhe種zhong產chan業ye形xing態tai也ye使shi得de作zuo為wei品pin牌pai管guan理li公gong司si的de創chuang業ye公gong司si在zai發fa展zhan過guo程cheng中zhong,可ke以yi非fei常chang靈ling活huo迅xun捷jie地di進jin化hua。
第di六liu,資zi本ben開kai始shi相xiang信xin消xiao費fei品pin。在zai高gao度du完wan整zheng和he標biao準zhun的de供gong應ying鏈lian環huan境jing中zhong,品pin牌pai管guan理li公gong司si所suo推tui出chu和he銷xiao售shou的de產chan品pin的de屬shu性xing已yi經jing介jie於yu實shi物wu產chan品pin和he虛xu擬ni產chan品pin之zhi間jian。互hu聯lian網wang時shi代dai,一yi個geapp的生產到銷售的鏈條非常短,並且銷售半徑無窮大,使得這種產品的商業模式有個顯著特征“邊際成本遞減”,zheleishangyemoshishizibenshichangdexingfenji,erxiaofeipinrujinzhengzaiqujinyuzhezhongshuxing。zuoweipinpaiguanligongsi,youqishizaihulianwangqudaoshangxiaoshouchanpindegongsi,shengchanyougongchangwancheng,fahuohecangguanyoudaiyunyinggongsiwancheng,pinpaigongsichulechanpinyanfashejizhiwai,dabufenshijiandajiaodaodedoushishuju,yongshujuzhidaotoufang、指zhi導dao產chan品pin迭die代dai,公gong司si的de商shang業ye模mo型xing已yi經jing越yue來lai越yue趨qu近jin於yu銷xiao售shou虛xu擬ni產chan品pin的de公gong司si。資zi本ben是shi敏min銳rui的de,當dang資zi本ben隱yin約yue感gan受shou到dao這zhe個ge變bian化hua後hou,立li即ji用yong實shi際ji行xing動dong給gei予yu這zhe種zhong模mo型xing相xiang應ying的de反fan饋kui。
我wo們men擁yong有you如ru此ci多duo的de客ke觀guan條tiao件jian,那na麼me中zhong國guo品pin牌pai崛jue起qi是shi不bu是shi就jiu萬wan事shi俱ju備bei了le呢ne?如ru果guo不bu是shi,還hai缺que什shen麼me?這zhe個ge問wen題ti我wo曾zeng在zai一yi個ge創chuang業ye者zhe口kou中zhong得de到dao了le很hen好hao的de答da案an。
bosie是做時尚服裝品牌的,眾所周知,快時尚是VC最難投的品類之一,所以對於這個方向的創業者,我們都是帶著更審慎的態度來看的,對人的考量上會有更苛刻的要求。當初見到bosiechuangshirenshiwozengjingwen,qiyedoushibawozhuleshidaimailuo,xiangshoudaoleshidaibeijingdehonglierzengchangqilaide,fuzhuangxingyeyeshiruci,bashiniandaidaojiushiniandaizhongqi,shishengchanhongli,shuizhangwoleshengchanziyuan,shuinenggaodaohuo,shuijiunengzhuandaoqian,jiushiniandaizhongqidaozhegeshijichu,shiqudaohongli,xianshidaxingshopping mall這種業態在國內的迅速擴張,再是電商的出現,誰充分利用了新渠道誰就能賺到錢,現在,或者是未來10年,時代的紅利是什麼呢?94年的他給出了我非常認可的答案,審美紅利。

wozaimosikechaikefusijiyinlexueyuandushudeshihou,womenyouyimenkejiaoshenmeike,tongxuemendoufeichangbuzhongshi,zhidaoyouyitianturanfaxianzheshiyimenyangejifenerqieyaoxielunwendekedeshihoucaizhongshiqilai,zuichuwoyiweishenmeijiushishenmedongxihaokanbuhaokan,zuiduozaijiashangshenmeyinlehaotingbuhaoting,zheyoushenmekexuede,douguoyuzhuguan,geyougedepianhao。xuezhexuezhecaifaxian,shenmeibaoluowanwu,yushijieguanshenzhitongdengzhongyao,dangran,yemibukefen。zuizhibaidehualaijiang,shenmeijiushifenbianshenmeshihaode。birushuocongxiaofeixingyelaijiang,weiguandianshuo,shenmeikeyishizhegechanpinhaobuhaoyong,shejihaobuhaokan,pinpaichuandidexinxihaobuhao,shaoweihongguanyidian,qiyecengmian,zhegeqiyeshibushihaode,zuzhiwenhuashibushijiankangde,qiyexinyushibushiliangxingde。chanpinhaobuhao,qiyehaobuhao,renhaobuhao,guojiahaobuhao,yiqieyouguannirenweihaobuhaodewentidoushuyushenmeifanchou。zaijishuqutong,jiejuefanganqutongdexianzai,zaixinxichongfen,shenzhiguozaidehuanjingxia,shenmeishilakaiyoushizuiyouxiaodefangshi。
市場就像是個萬花筒,多種多樣的產品、品牌、企qi業ye並bing存cun,有you蘋ping果guo也ye有you三san星xing,有you任ren天tian堂tang也ye有you小xiao霸ba王wang,有you小xiao林lin製zhi藥yao也ye有you腦nao白bai金jin。做zuo什shen麼me樣yang的de產chan品pin,什shen麼me樣yang的de企qi業ye,與yu其qi說shuo是shi創chuang始shi人ren或huo者zhe管guan理li者zhe的de選xuan擇ze,不bu如ru說shuo是shi審shen美mei向xiang外wai的de投tou射she。
說審美,很難不提到喬布斯。
大da家jia都dou知zhi道dao,喬qiao布bu斯si受shou日ri本ben禪chan宗zong文wen化hua影ying響xiang很hen大da,甚shen至zhi可ke以yi說shuo,禪chan宗zong的de極ji簡jian主zhu義yi的de美mei學xue觀guan點dian就jiu是shi喬qiao布bu斯si的de審shen美mei的de錨mao點dian。日ri本ben的de極ji簡jian主zhu義yi美mei學xue是shi當dang今jin世shi界jie主zhu要yao的de三san大da美mei學xue體ti係xi之zhi一yi,尤you其qi在zai消xiao費fei領ling域yu,占zhan據ju著zhe重zhong要yao的de位wei置zhi,這zhe是shi喬qiao布bu斯si的de選xuan擇ze,是shi他ta的de審shen美mei,我wo想xiang,並bing不bu是shi說shuo喬qiao布bu斯si選xuan擇ze了le歐ou洲zhou美mei學xue作zuo為wei錨mao點dian就jiu不bu會hui成cheng功gong,相xiang對dui於yu選xuan擇ze了le哪na種zhong審shen美mei方fang式shi來lai講jiang,做zuo了le選xuan擇ze並bing且qie貫guan穿chuan在zai企qi業ye和he產chan品pin中zhong更geng為wei重zhong要yao。
喬布斯由養父母撫養長大,在成長過程中他一直對印度教、佛fo教jiao禪chan宗zong以yi及ji探tan尋xun個ge人ren啟qi蒙meng具ju有you濃nong厚hou興xing趣qu。他ta曾zeng經jing在zai大da學xue退tui學xue後hou到dao印yin度du尋xun找zhao心xin靈ling導dao師shi,後hou來lai一yi直zhi在zai加jia州zhou的de禪chan宗zong中zhong心xin追zhui隨sui禪chan宗zong大da師shi乙yi川chuan弘hong文wen修xiu習xi,經jing常chang與yu他ta一yi起qi冥ming想xiang、向他求教、探討精神追求,可以說是非常親密,亦師亦友。
他創建蘋果公司後,很多時候,在決策前,會先閉目靜坐,然後叫屬下將相關產品設計一並放到墊子的周圍,來決定選擇哪個、放棄哪個。

禪宗的“不立文字,直指人心”在(zai)喬(qiao)布(bu)斯(si)那(na)裏(li)變(bian)成(cheng)了(le)一(yi)種(zhong)獨(du)特(te)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)和(he)設(she)計(ji)思(si)想(xiang),比(bi)如(ru)說(shuo),無(wu)按(an)鈕(niu),按(an)鈕(niu)是(shi)電(dian)子(zi)設(she)備(bei)的(de)天(tian)然(ran)標(biao)誌(zhi),但(dan)用(yong)戶(hu)要(yao)的(de)不(bu)是(shi)按(an)鈕(niu),而(er)是(shi)直(zhi)指(zhi)人(ren)心(xin)的(de)功(gong)能(neng)、效用和體驗;此外,蘋果筆記本,它的睡眠指示燈的閃爍頻率,與成年人正常呼吸的頻率是一致的,每分鍾12次。
喬布斯建立了自己很好的審美,並且把審美轉化為好的產品,再用專注執行的能力來把產品做出來。
做企業也是一樣,企業的戰略選擇和重大決策都在無形中受到決策者、管(guan)理(li)者(zhe)的(de)審(shen)美(mei)影(ying)響(xiang),比(bi)如(ru)對(dui)於(yu)初(chu)創(chuang)企(qi)業(ye)來(lai)說(shuo),流(liu)量(liang)廣(guang)告(gao)和(he)品(pin)牌(pai)廣(guang)告(gao),你(ni)的(de)傾(qing)向(xiang)是(shi)什(shen)麼(me),洗(xi)腦(nao)廣(guang)告(gao)和(he)品(pin)質(zhi)廣(guang)告(gao)呢(ne)?當(dang)然(ran)這(zhe)些(xie)問(wen)題(ti)可(ke)能(neng)有(you)隱(yin)含(han)的(de)褒(bao)貶(bian),不(bu)好(hao)回(hui)答(da),那(na)麼(me)包(bao)裝(zhuang)材(cai)料(liao)你(ni)是(shi)如(ru)何(he)做(zuo)選(xuan)擇(ze)的(de),選(xuan)擇(ze)依(yi)據(ju)是(shi)什(shen)麼(me)呢(ne)?你(ni)們(men)公(gong)司(si)的(de)銷(xiao)售(shou)KPI是回款導向的還是簽約導向的?
好的審美貫穿在企業的所有環節。它包括了好的產品、好的組織、好的社會影響等等。
戴森23歲(sui)起(qi)就(jiu)開(kai)始(shi)進(jin)行(xing)產(chan)品(pin)創(chuang)新(xin),幾(ji)十(shi)年(nian)來(lai)他(ta)專(zhuan)注(zhu)在(zai)對(dui)家(jia)庭(ting)日(ri)用(yong)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)改(gai)造(zao)上(shang),現(xian)在(zai)大(da)家(jia)知(zhi)道(dao),戴(dai)森(sen)已(yi)經(jing)深(shen)刻(ke)地(di)改(gai)變(bian)了(le)市(shi)場(chang)。最(zui)被(bei)大(da)家(jia)熟(shu)知(zhi)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)應(ying)該(gai)是(shi)無(wu)袋(dai)式(shi)真(zhen)空(kong)吸(xi)塵(chen)器(qi),在(zai)研(yan)發(fa)這(zhe)款(kuan)產(chan)品(pin)時(shi),製(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)為(wei)了(le)保(bao)住(zhu)真(zhen)空(kong)吸(xi)塵(chen)器(qi)袋(dai)子(zi)的(de)銷(xiao)售(shou)利(li)潤(run),曾(zeng)經(jing)一(yi)度(du)拒(ju)絕(jue)為(wei)戴(dai)森(sen)的(de)創(chuang)意(yi)生(sheng)產(chan),而(er)戴(dai)森(sen)花(hua)費(fei)五(wu)年(nian)時(shi)間(jian)幾(ji)近(jin)破(po)產(chan),在(zai)嚐(chang)試(shi)了(le)5127台原型機之後才終於成功。不單單是在產品設計上,你會發現,這種對創新、創意的執著也貫穿在戴森的企業管理當中。
反觀我們的很多企業,居然是審醜導向的,隻要關注度、隻要流量和銷售額,完全不在意如何樹立企業的價值觀和形象。
商業是人類智慧的產物,藝術也是人類智慧的產物,科學、zhengzhidoushi。erzaixianjinshehui,zhexierenhedanyileimudouwufadulicunzai,bicixianghuyingxiang,jixianghucujinyexianghuzhiyue。jianlimeixueguan,jiansheshenmei,yaoyouzonghexuewen。womenkandaoyuelaiyueduodexinyidaiqiyejia,yongkexuesiweizhidaoshangye,zhidaozuzhijianshe,birushuoshengwuxuesiwei、物理學思維。也越來越多的創業者喜歡研究曆史、喜歡藝術,從某個角度來講,這些都在建設自己的審美,都會在商業層麵被投射出來。
初chu創chuang企qi業ye,為wei了le存cun活huo,可ke能neng顧gu及ji不bu了le很hen多duo,尤you其qi是shi創chuang業ye者zhe們men大da多duo還hai年nian輕qing,審shen美mei還hai沒mei有you完wan全quan建jian立li起qi來lai,但dan是shi希xi望wang年nian輕qing的de創chuang業ye者zhe們men知zhi道dao審shen美mei的de重zhong要yao,相xiang信xin審shen美mei的de力li量liang。
dangwomendeqiyebeizibenguanzhu,womenjiezhuzibendelilianggengkuaidexiangqianbenpaodeshihou,yaoshibushidetingxialaixiangxiang,zaikuaisubenpaoshihuibuhuiqianqueleshenme,zaizhongguopinpaijueqidedashidaibeijingxia,womenchuanglidedaodishiyigeshenmeyangdepinpai,shenmeyangdeqiye,womenshihoushijiaokeshulidezhengmianjiaocaihaishifanmianjiaocai?
商業上的術能幫助我們做一個快企業,甚至是大企業,審美上的術會幫助我們做一個讓人尊重的企業,長久的企業。


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